There are basically two kinds of transmission, one is manual and another one is automatic. If you talk about the major difference between these two, then following are some mentioned below:
An automobile with an automated transmission does not have a clutch pedal.
An automobile with an automated gearbox does not have a gear shift. Everything else happens automatically once you shift into drive.
Although they do so in very different ways, an automatic transmission (together with its torque converter) and a manual transmission (along with its clutch) both achieve the same goal. As it happens, an automatic transmission does it in better manner.
A simple piece of equipment called an automatic transmission transfers power from the engine to the wheels so that the car may change speeds without the driver having to shift gears by hand.
Here's a complete description which explains how it
operates:
Converter of Torque
Torque Converter is one of the important part that combines
the engine and transmission. It transfers power using hydraulic fluid, as
opposed to the clutch of a manual transmission. There are three main parts to
it:
• Pump: To generate motion, it rotates with the engine and forces
transmission fluid.
• Turbine: Attached to the transmission, this device transfers the fluid's
motion.
• Stator: Increases efficiency by rerouting fluid flow.
With this configuration, the vehicle can stay still
while the engine runs and the transfer are seamless.
Set of Planetary Gears
Planetary gear set is one
of the essential components of an automatic gearbox. It is made up of:
•
Sun Gear: in
the middle.
•
Planet Gears:
revolve on their own axes and encircle the sun gear.
The planet gears are
surrounded by the ring gear.
The transmission may create a variety of gear ratios by engaging and disengaging these gears in different combinations. Changes in speed can be made smoothly thanks to this system.
The Hydraulic Mechanism
Clutches and bands that regulate the planetary gear set are operated by the
hydraulic system using transmission fluid under pressure. Important elements
consist of:
• The valve body serves as the central control unit, sending fluid to the
proper clutches and bands in response to load, throttle position, and vehicle
speed.
• Transmission fluid is the one which offers hydraulic power, cooling, and
lubrication.
Bands and Clutches
Clutches are used to engage and disengage particular planetary gears.
• Bands: To get the required gear ratio, hold some gears motionless.
The hydraulic system regulates these parts, which cooperate to enable
smooth gear changes.
Electronics and Sensors
The Transmission Control
Module (TCM), a computer, is frequently used to operate modern automatic
gearboxes. Sensors track the following: load conditions, vehicle speed,
throttle position, and engine speed.
By using this
information, the TCM can improve performance and fuel efficiency by figuring
out when to shift gears.
Drive and Gears
Chosen Gear Ratio decides the amount of torque applied to the wheels
depends. Where faster ratios enable efficient cruising at faster speeds, on the
other hand lower gears offer more torque for acceleration or hill climbing.
The Operation of an Automatic Transmission
While driving a Used transmission car involves shifting into Drive,
which initiates the process. Pressing the accelerator pedal causes the engine's
crankshaft to rotate more quickly, which raises the torque converter's internal
pressure. The transmission automatically shifts gears as the vehicle advances
because its hydraulics and electronics measure the vehicle's speed in proportion
to the engine speed.
Hydraulics inside the transmission detects those speed variations in a
traditional automatic transmission. To shift gears in the planetary gear set,
those hydraulics subsequently trigger further hydraulics. These days, the
automatic transmission cooperates with the car's other components, and
electronics support that sensing process.
Benefits of Automatic Transmissions
• Smooth gear changes without the need for manual input; additionally, it
is easy to use, particularly in stop-and-go traffic.
• Modern models are becoming more fuel-efficient.
The automatic transmission maximizes performance and efficiency while
offering a smooth driving experience by integrating mechanical, hydraulic, and
electronic systems.
